rajatarangini was translated into persian by

We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. He established a university in Naushehra and a Darul Tarjuma. The real power lay in the hands of a noble named Gargachandra. Turn on. During his reign, the Mlechchhas (possibly, According to historical evidence, Mihirakula's predecessor was. Rajatarangini, which Mulla Abd al-Qadir Badauni translated into Persian at Akbars However, the intent of the translations has been insufficiently analyzed in the context of the interrelationship between Orientalist and nationalist projects and the historical and literary ideas that informed them. Son of Ajitapida. [4] It has also been suggested that he belonged to a family which accompanied the sage Mir Sayyid Ali Hamadani, and who were associated to either the Kubrawiya Sufi groups in Kashmir. She was pregnant at the time of her husband's death, and Krishna helped her ascend the throne. Fairness: That noble-minded author is alone worthy of praise whose word, like that of a judge, keeps free from love or hatred in relating the facts of the past. It covers the whole range of history in the Kashmir district from the earliest times to the date of its synthesis. The Mahabharata, Ramayana, Atharva Veda, Lilawati, Rajatarangini was translated into Persian. The status of Kalhana's poem Rajatarangini was mediated in colonial India in part through its English translations. Son of Durlabhaka and Shrinarendraprabha. He looked into an assortment of epigraphic sources connecting with illustrious tributes, development of sanctuaries, and land awards; he concentrated on coins, fantastic remaining parts, family records, and nearby practices. Since the battle was motive-less for the Delhi Sultanate peace concluded between them on a condition that all the territories from Sirhind to Kashmir belong to the Shah Mir empire. The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. Answer. recognized as the most authoritative and prestigious publication in the Uninvolved by and by in the frenzy of contemporary legislative issues, he was significantly impacted by it and expressed the accompanying. In our own time, the Kashmiri Sanskrit scholar and former diplomat A.N.D. [20][18][19] Economic condition was decent. He called back the Hindus who had left Kashmir during his father reign and allowed building of temples. is a record of the illustrious administrations that administered the realm of Kashmir from its putative starting points to the writers own time. [9][10][11], According to Wink, Shah Mir may have been an Afghan or a Qaruna Turk, or even a Tibetan. It covers the whole range of history in the Kashmir district from the earliest times to the date of its synthesis. 23 February 2011. Uchchala's step-brother; became the king after Radda's death. Uninvolved personally in the maelstrom of contemporary politics, he nevertheless was profoundly affected by it and stated the following to be his ideal: That noble-minded poet alone merits praise whose word, like the sentence of a judge, keeps free from love or hatred in recording the past. An unpopular king, he was killed. Kalhana wrote it was brilliantly prepared for the work. involving the history, arts, social sciences, philosophy, and contemporary Rajatarangini . the Kambojs He was said to belong to the family of an ancestor called Partha, who was described as a second Partha (an allusion to the Mahabharata hero Arjuna). Like other translations of the work, it is in prose. Rajatarangini (The River of Kings) is a metrical historical chronicle of north-western Indian subcontinent, particularly the kings of Kashmir, written in Sanskrit by Kashmiri Brahman Kalhana in 12th century CE. The status of Kalhana's poem Rajatarangini was mediated in colonial India in part through its English translations. He also got the Mahabharata and Rajatarangini. [6], Son of Shreshtasena, assisted by his brother and co-regent Toramana. It joins a long catalogue of such translations from Sanskrit beginning with that of Kautilyas His father Champaka was the minister (Lord of the Gate) in the court of Harsha of Kashmir. [5], Kalhana mentions that Gonanda I ascended the throne in 653 Kali calendar era. Jonaraja became a Kashmiri antiquarian and Sanskrit writer. does also publish two journals of advanced mathematics and a few publications The long and arduous journey of the great saint across the country to Kashmir, punctuated by philosophical debates with peers and concurrent composition of immortal commentaries on the Hindu texts, is part of Indias sacred history. Who translated Mahabharata and Rajatarangini into Persian? During Akbar's time the Ramayana and Mahabharata were also translated into Persian. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Several coins of a king named Toramana have been found in the Kashmir region. Abu l-Fadl Allami, Nizam al-Din and Firishta also state Eventually the Karkota dynasty ended and a grandson of Utpala became king. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Cite earlier authors: The oldest extensive works containing the royal chronicles [of Kashmir] have become fragmentary in consequence of [the appearance of] Suvrata's composition, who condensed them in order that (their substance) might be easily remembered. It covers the whole range of history in Kashmir from the earliest times to the date of its synthesis. For instance, Marcus Aurel Stein (1900) thought the way of talking and instructional pieces of the Rajatarangini that were in kvya style was essentially detached with the story legitimate, which was recorded, while Buhler arraigned the retreat to legend and fantasy as delivering the sequence of a huge piece of the message worthless and its creator suspect. There too, legend is mixed with reality, and Toramana Huna is incorporated into the line of Meghavahana. A Shaivite during whose reigns Buddhists also flourished. [8] Aryarajas were mostly Hindus. His son Kshemagupta married Didda, daughter of Simharaja of Lohara. Made his brother Sussala the ruler of Lohara. [28] He was defeated by Sultan Zain-ul-Abidin at Thanna with the help of Jasrath Khokhar, a chieftain from Pothohar Plateau. The actual power was in hands of Jayadevi's brothers Padma, Utpalaka, Kalyana, Mamma and Dharmma. He tried to abduct a Nga woman, who was the wife of a Brahmin. It has multiple dimensions, such as the aureole of antiquity, the grandeur of epic, the cachet of Sanskritic literary canons, the singular distinction as an ancient Indian historical chronicle and the uniqueness that it embodies as representation of a vital part of Indian selfhood. His book Tuti Namah (book of the parrot), written in the time of Muhammad Tughluq, was a Persian translation of Sanskrit stories. After a young son of Yashaskara, Pravaragupta, a Divira (clerk), became king. elsewhere. Unreliable Sources - The chronicles include those of Tahir, Haidar Malik, Rafiu'd Din Ahmad and Muhammad A'azam. How much stuff can you bring on deployment? (in a real sense, River of Kings) is an awe-inspiring sonnet (mahakavya/prabandha) created in the old style language, Sanskrit, in 114850 in Kashmir (part of the advanced territory of Jammu and Kashmir, India).Kalhana is said to have been the child of a previous clergyman by the name of Cempaka in the court of a Kashmiri ruler, Harsha. Answer. In 1380 C.E. His father Champaka was the minister (Lord of the Gate) in Harsha of Kashmir's court. Made king by the minister Shura. [Studia Indologica Universitatis Halensis 7], SlajeWalter", "The COININDIA Coin Galleries: Sultans of Kashmir", Baharistan-i-Shahi: A Chronicle of Mediaeval Kashmir, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shah_Mir_dynasty&oldid=1141211558, Tomb of the Mother of Zain-ul-Abidin in Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, This page was last edited on 23 February 2023, at 23:00. This quarterly has been published regularly since Built a new city called Damodarasuda, and a dam called Guddasetu. Zain-ul-Abidin worked hard to establish a fair rule in Kashmir. A Persian translation of Rajatarangini was commissioned by Zain-ul-Abidin, who ruled Kashmir in the 15th century CE. Copyright 2023, THG PUBLISHING PVT LTD. or its affiliated companies. The. Render date: 2023-03-04T12:29:12.553Z Ruler of Kashgar (Central Asia) once attacked Kashmir with a large army. What literary period is the beat generation aligned with? hasContentIssue true, Copyright The Association for Asian Studies, Inc. 2011, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021911810002998, Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. Who was the last king of Gonanda dynasty? It was written in Sanskrit by Kashmiri historian Kalhana in the 12th century CE. 2 What was the name of Persian translation of Rajatarangini? [5] According to Jonaraja, Shah Mir was the descendant of Partha Its heyday was the 13th and 14th centuries, broadly the period straddling the phase of Sanskrit literature to which He was deposed by rebellious ministers, and granted asylum by a neighboring king. [21][25] However, Sikandar was also the first Kashmiri ruler to convert destroyed temples into Islamic shrines, and such a display of supremacy probably had its origins in religious motivations. It was translated into Persian by the orders of the later Muslim ruler Zain-ul-Abidin. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. [a] He thinks it more likely that he was a descendant of Turkish or Persian immigrants to Swat, who had intermarried with local indigenous peoples. In subsequent years, through his tact and ability Shah Mir rose to prominence and became one of the most important personalities of his time. This refers to the fact that the power had passed to the brothers of a queen, who was born in a family of spirit-distillers. Cite earlier authors: The oldest extensive works containing the royal chronicles [of Kashmir] have become fragmentary in consequence of [the appearance of] Suvrata's composition, who condensed them in order that (their substance) might be easily remembered. . It is by late Vidwan T.K. Son of Lalitapida and Jayadevi, made the king by his maternal uncle Utpalaka. Little is known about him except from what he tells us about himself in the opening verses of his book. He was also called the Lalitaditya of Medieval Kashmir as he erected many mosques and monasteries. Zain-ul-Abidin is also called as Akbar of Kashmir and Shahjahan of Kashmir on account of religion and development respectively. He ascended the throne reluctantly, at the request of his guru Ishana. Kalhana himself, notwithstanding, doesnt appear to have worked for any ruler. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". The Hindi translation of Pandeya Ram Tej is another well-acclaimed book. Raman Menons translation attempts to preserve the essential characteristics of the original by adopting the Manipravalam diction. Get all the important information related to the Railway Exam including the process of application, important calendar dates, eligibility criteria, exam centers etc. and interdisciplinary publications, both books and journals. Mughal contributions to literature and Music - KPSC Exam Free Notes But with a small army, he fought and defeated the whole army of Kashgar. It emerged in South Asia after its ancestor dia Answer. Compared to translations in other languages, Raman Menons craft is remarkable for its lucidity and elegance. [21] Even where the kings mentioned in the first three books are historically attested, Kalhana's account suffers from chronological errors. Raman Menon, Priyadarshini Publication Society, 1,200. that the material was genuinely picky. Neither in style nor in authenticity do these works approximate the quality of Kalhanas Rajatarangini. Jonaraja became a Kashmiri antiquarian and Sanskrit writer. Smaller Kingdoms during Sultanate Era - Jagranjosh.com The earliest reference to the Kambojas is around the 5th century BCE. A town named Shihabud-dinpura aka Shadipur was founded by him. Subsequent English translations of Kalhana's Rajatarangini include: Several books containing legendary stories from Rajatarangini have been compiled by various authors. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. The polar ends of the subcontinent that these two regions represent have been lyrically evoked in the familiar poetic description of himavatsethuparyanthaam. The author Kalhana was a son of a minister of Harsha of this family. In later years of his reign, he started patronizing unwise persons, and the wise courtiers deserted him. was Abul Fazl translated the Panch Tantra (Anwar-i-Sahili) and Faizi the story of NalDamayanti into Persian. Here maybe Kutumbi = kunabi (as in kurmis of UP and. From the Pen of Jonarja, Court Pait to Suln Zayn al-bidn. A Persian Mahabharata: The 1598-1599 Razmnama Answer. Shivajis Guru was Shree Samarth Ramdas was a noted 17th-century saint and spiritual poet of Maharashtra. Total loading time: 0 European Orientalist researchers who concentrated on the text from the mid-nineteenth century onwards called the Rajatarangini the solo work of history legitimate to rise out of old India. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". Contextual translation of "poyu ta" from Persian into Tagalog. Sanskrit works on medicine and music were also translated into Persian at his instance. Son of Sukhavarman. Verse 13. It emerged in South Asia after its ancestor dialects were subtle there from the northwest inside the overdue Bronze Ag. [12] Kashmiri scholar N. K. Zutshi, having critically examined the sources, reconciles the two versions by noting that the Persian chronicles mentions Swadgir rather than Swat, which he interprets as Swadgabar, meaning "suburbs of Gabar", which coincides with Jonaraja's description of Panchagahvara-Simani (on the borders of Panchagagvara). [citation needed]. To avoid this outcome, the king married his daughter Anangalekha to Durlabhavardhana, a handsome but non-royal man from Ashvaghama. The fate of Ali Shah is uncertain: he may have died in captivity or have been put to death by Khokhar.[28]. Content may require purchase if you do not have access. Among original compositions in Persian, historical literature easily occupied the first place. Accordingly, translation was no longer confined solitary to an isolated linguistic context and the socio-cultural aspects of translation were emphasized. [7][8] Some scholars state that the Panjgabbar valley was peopled by Khasas and so ascribe a Khasa ethnicity to Shah Mir. Kalhana was a poet. It was written in Sanskrit by Kashmiri historian Kalhana in the 12th century CE. The work generally records the heritage of Kashmir, but 120 verses of Rjatarangi describe the misrule prevailing in Kashmir during the reign of King Kalash, son of King Ananta Deva of Kashmir. ). Notes in parentheses refer to a book ("Taranga") and verse. [18] Iinternal rebellions were ably suppressed. Rajatarangini, (Sanskrit: "River of Kings") historical chronicle of early India, written in Sanskrit verse by the Kashmiri Brahman Kalhana in 1148, that is justifiably considered to be the best and most authentic work of its kind. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. Translate poyu ta from Persian to Tagalog - MyMemory Rajatarangini belongs. it has been transformed into Persian, Get subscription and access unlimited live and recorded courses from Indias best educators. In the Karkota family, Lalitapida had a concubine, a daughter of a Kalyapala (IV.678). Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. By looking at the inscriptions recording the consecrations of temples and grants by former kings, at laudatory inscriptions and at written works, the trouble arising from many errors has been overcome. Zain-ul-Abidin - Wikipedia The chronicles only start to align with other evidence by book IV. Shah Mir dynasty - Wikipedia In the legacy of Sanskrit, Kashmir and Kerala can be said to have a unique fellowship of literary creativity, with icons like Bilhana and Somadeva in Kashmir and Shankara and Narayana Bhattathiri in Kerala. During the reign of Zain-ul-Abideen, the eighth Sultan of Kashmir, Mulla Ahmad translated Kalhana's Rajatarangini into Persian. He was known for his religious tolerance. university presses. The relative Corrections? And for another, Sarvagnana Peetha in Srinagar where Shankaracharya was enthroned is the one mystic chord of tradition that has endured in the Keralite imagination of Kashmir. Postmodernism is the literary period, the beat generation aligned with. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings. [18] Waqfs were endowed to shrines, mosques were commissioned, numerous Sufi preachers were provided with jagirs and installed in positions of authority, and feasts were regularly held. The capital of India shift from Kolkata to New Delhi in the year 1911. The Rajatarangini (in a real sense, River of Kings) is an awe-inspiring sonnet (mahakavya/prabandha) created in the old style language, Sanskrit, in 114850 in Kashmir (part of the advanced territory of Jammu and Kashmir, India).Kalhana is said to have been the child of a previous clergyman by the name of Cempaka in the court of a Kashmiri ruler, Harsha. This king is identified by some with Huna ruler Toramana, although his successor Mihirakula is placed much earlier by Kalhana.[12]. The Maurya Empire was a geographically extensive and powerful political and military empire in ancient India, founded by, After a Damodara ("of Ashoka's kula or another"), we have Hushka, Jushka and Kanishka (127147 CE) of the. Son of Lalitapida and his concubine Jayadevi. Answer. Manipulation in Dubbing: The Translation of English-language Films into After his death, the queen committed. Youngest son of Vajradjtya II. Next Sultan of Kashmir was Haji Khan, who succeeded his father Zain-ul-Abidin and took the title of Haidar Khan.[30]. Notes in parentheses refer to a book ("Taranga") and verse. Kalhana describes the rules of Toramana and, After the Huna, Meghavahana of the Gonandiya family was brought back from. He endorsed the work to a few officials to make translations of the Sanskrit books Rajatarangini, Ramayana and Mahabharata into the Persian language. What is the best compliment to give to a girl? Zain-ul-Abidin was also known as 'the Akbar of Kashmir'. in the broad and interdisciplinary area of "theory and history of cultural production," After a young son of Yashaskara, Pravaragupta, a Divira (clerk), became king. 3 Who was the last king of Gonanda dynasty? However, very little about those reigns are known anyway in compare to the later dynasties. [6], (Note the confusion of dates in this and the following sections. Kalhana was an educated and sophisticated Sanskrit scholar, well-connected in the highest political circles. that Shah Mir traced his descent to Arjuna, the basis of their account being Jonarajas According to Kalhana, Ashoka reigned before 1182 BCE, and was a member of the dynasty founded by Godhara. Discuss, Ram Mohan Roy was given the title of Raja by. The Rajataringini provides the earliest source on Kashmir that can be labeled as a historical text on this region. Regarding the events of the past, Kalhanas search for material was truly fastidious. He was (I.191) the first of his race. Nephew of Didda. Jonaraja in his Dvitiya Rajatara? [6], No kings mentioned in this book have been traced in any other historical source. What internet mobs don't understand about Urdu - The Indian Express Look through examples of translation in sentences, listen to pronunciation and learn grammar. Kalhaa's account also states that the city of Srinagar was founded by the Mauryan emperor, Ashoka, and that Buddhism reached the Kashmir valley during this period. Uchchala's brother; ascended throne with Gargachandra's support, Harsha's grandson, who had escaped Uchchala's revolt. Uninvolved by and by in the frenzy of contemporary legislative issues, he was significantly impacted by it and expressed the accompanying. Rajatarangini was translated into Persian by Zain-ul-Abidin order. Kalhana's account closes in the 22nd year of his reign. Answer: It is court chronicle that deals with the history of rulers of Kashmir. According to Jonaraja, Shah Mir was the descendant of Partha (Arjuna) of Mahabharata fame. Who among the following is associated with translation of Rajatarangini There are several discrepancies between the Ashoka mentioned in Kalhana's account and the Mauryan emperor Ashoka. Answer: [C] Jonaraja Notes: Sultan Sikandar established a department to translate Sanskrit works into Persia and vice versa in Kashmir. They accepted that this late work was a one-of-a-kind exemption in 3,000 years of Sanskrit abstract culture, which they blamed for totally inadequate regarding a feeling of history even as it had large amounts of sacred writing and folklore. in Persian - Gilaki-Persian Dictionary | Glosbe Kalhana himself, notwithstanding, doesnt appear to have worked for any ruler. He dug profound into such model functions as the Harshacharita and the Brihat-Samhita sagas and utilised with a praiseworthy commonality the neighbourhood rajakathas (regal accounts) and such past chips away at Kashmir as Nripavali by Kshemendra, Parthiva Wali by Helaraja, and Nilamatapurana. Murdered his father, and starved his half-brothers to death. For example, Ranaditya is given a reign of 300 years. Rajatarangini (Sanskrit: Waterway of Kings) recorded a narrative of early India reasonably viewed as awesome and the best work.

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