intramuscular injection sites in dogs and cats

SUMMARY Confidosetm IM Auto-Injector Submitter's Name, Address, Telephone Number, Contact Person and Date Prepared . Withdraw the needle carefully. The duration of immunity claimed by a vaccine manufacturer is the minimal duration supported by the data available at the time of approval. Some clients find that it is easiest to give their dog an injection while he is eating a meal. Alternatively, a vaccine may be administered in feed or drinking water, eg, vaccination of poultry for Newcastle disease and avian encephalomyelitis Avian Encephalomyelitis Avian encephalomyelitis is a viral infection affecting the CNS of several species of birds. The first step in giving a canine intramuscular injection is to prepare the needle and syringe. Dispose of the needle and syringe into a properly labeled needle disposal container. When a mixture of antigens is given to an animal simultaneously, they may compete with one another. 5 0 obj <> endobj Although it is not possible to devise precise schedules for each vaccine, certain principles are common to all methods of active immunization. Risks and complications Intramuscular injections may also cause an abscess or gangrene at the injection site, depending on the specific medication and amount administered. Skin should be swabbed with alcohol. To give the injection, create a small pocket of skin behind your dogs shoulders. 0000013990 00000 n IM injections should be given using a shorter needle than subcutaneous injections. Please include what you were doing when this page came up and the Cloudflare Ray ID found at the bottom of this page. 0000013765 00000 n Types of Injections Subcutaneous Injections for Dogs and Cats; by. 44 0 obj <>stream 0000028458 00000 n If this happens, the needle should be removed and the syringe drained. You can do this by feeling along the injection site, as well as along the belly below the site of injection, as fluids tend to pool along the cat's underside. 0000031365 00000 n Medicine. You should consult your veterinarian before administering an injection, as the depth and needle length will differ from animal to animal. : US 9.458,536 B2 Felts Et Al; . The vast majority of equine vaccines are administered by intramuscular (IM) injection, and a few are administered . Signs include tremors, ataxia, and weakness that progresses to paralysis. The cranial border of femur marks the most caudal aspect of the quadriceps muscle group. The loose skin over the shoulders and neck is an ideal injection location for canines. Dermatologic Lesion Documentation and Description, 51. 0000012017 00000 n If you are unsure that your pet received the full amount of the injection, contact your veterinary hospital for instructions. Most dogs do not seem to mind routine injections. 0000019303 00000 n This is the route used for administration of most injections and vaccinations/boosters. 0000018580 00000 n 0000006940 00000 n Copyright 2023 Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA and its affiliates. Pinch some loose skin from the back of the neck or "scruff" region (between the shoulder blades) between your thumb and forefinger. 5 40 Having a needle that is too long may not be the best idea. 0000030652 00000 n An alternative site and technique are suggested to ensure a more reliable effect when an intramuscular injection is indicated. o [alopecia OR hair loss ], , BVMS, BSc, PhD, DSc (Hons), DACVM, Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University. SOP: INJECTIONS IN DOGS AND CATS 2 i. Quadriceps IM injections 1. Certain medical conditions can be controlled by the use of drugs that are only available in an injectable formulation. 209.59.143.216 The dose varies with the size of the animal patient, the severity of the condition under treatment, and the animal's response to therapy. However, the use of nebulised drugs means that the patient must breathe air containing the drug. Both natural infection and vaccination induce a protective immune response. 0000003028 00000 n arteries, veins and nerves running through the muscle tissue. You might end up accidentally giving your dog the drug and causing more damage. ixb#Fw&*mvcDS%;.&VYWT@_DEvYNx Intramuscular injections in dogs can be performed on the quadriceps, lumbodorsal, or triceps muscle. As for intravenous injections, you usually need to leave those to the veterinarian. Copyright var date = new Date(); document.write(date.getFullYear()); California Veterinary Supply. Introduction to Clinical Skills and Tidy Up Time. Standard size needles recommended are 18 to 20-gauge needle from 1 to 1.5 inches long. 0000012952 00000 n Avoid pinching the skin too hard with your fingers. Dog Restraint for Lateral Saphenous Blood Draw/IV Catheter, 17. By A positive action for insertion of needles into muscles reduces muscle damage and pain and massaging the site after injection disperses the injection and may help to reduce pain. Adjustment with the touch. The commonly adopted technique and site for intramuscular injection in the cat are described, and the often resulting inadequacy and risk are discussed. If you are unsure about which site is best for your dog, read this article before scheduling an appointment. Most cats won't need this step unless they are suffering from a compromised immune system. Next, pinch a section of skin that is approximately one to two inches in diameter. In addition to respiratory signs, decreased egg production and egg quality are common, and nephritis read more and Newcastle disease Newcastle Disease in Poultry Newcastle disease is an infection of domestic poultry and other bird species with virulent Newcastle disease virus (NDV). Malcolm Weir, DVM, MSc, MPH; Ernest Ward, DVM, Contributors: Malcolm Weir, DVM, MSc, MPH; Ernest Ward, DVM. This approach is excellent for relatively small numbers of animals and for diseases in which systemic immunity is important. Intramuscular injections are more painful than subcutaneous ones. If the injections are frequent, like for insulin shots, try not to use the same spot each time. In dogs, the appropriate sites for intramuscular injections include the quadriceps, lumbodorsal, and triceps muscles. Massage will increase circulation and help the body heal itself. Animal Welfare Education Tool to Create Syllabus for Animal Welfare Course (AVMA), 34. Insulin Syringes Difference between U 100 and U 40 and Emergency Conversion Chart, 54. Use to remove results with certain terms Be sure to look up medication in a veterinary drug formulary to double check indication, dose, side effects and contrary use indications as well as medication incompatibility, drug withholding time for food animals is absolutely vital as well as what drugs are forbidden to use in food animal species, as well as where to inject in food animal species so as not to disrupt or contaminate certain cuts of meat. Putting Skills Together as it Matters in Clinical Practice, 5. Dog Restraint for Lateral Saphenous Blood Draw/IV Catheter, 17. The vet may also be able to mimic the injection. These intramuscular injections are usually on the neck, chest, glute, or hind leg, though it may differ depending on the animal, there are fewer pain receptors is muscle tissues making it an ideal site for more irritating or viscous medications. There are also many other sites that work well, including the gluteal muscle. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Your email address will not be published. Make sure that the needle is sterile and is inserted into the muscle at an angle of about 45 degrees. Single-use, disposable needles ensure that the needle tip is very sharp to minimize pain. Patient prep LAB- Clip, Scrub, Open Glove, Quarter Drape, 27. o [ canine influenza] The trusted provider of veterinary information since 1955, Vaccine Failure and Other Adverse Events in Animals, Last review/revision Jul 2020 | Modified Nov 2022. If youre giving your dog an intramuscular injection, make sure you massage the area before the injection. Female Dog Urethral Catheterization- Using Vaginal Speculum, 16. Such symptoms usually go away after a week or so once the swelling and soreness around the area have subsided. However, passive antibody titers decrease exponentially. The commonly adopted technique and site for intramuscular injection in the cat are described, and the often resulting inadequacy and risk are discussed. ALWAYS look it up! /68,sPeahX CmWG\ "}6\F2Of" Cats are most often given IV injections in the cephalic, medial . With that in mind, pick the smallest needle you can get that is capable of holding that much volume. Actinic (Solar) Dermatitis. Want to create or adapt books like this? 1. Get the right information from your vet, then get the right care products for your pet. A careful push of the plunger should remove the excess air. Then thoroughly wash your finger with soap and water for 5 minutes, preferably using a soft nail brush on the affected area. This website is using a security service to protect itself from online attacks. Massage the injection site gently for a few seconds to encourage the material to dissipate. The immune system has evolved to respond to complex organisms and multiple simultaneous challenges. Intramuscular- within the muscle, different specific sites are indicated for SA, EQ, and FA! This helps disperse the drug and decrease the likelihood of the injection site being damaged. Stick the needle into the container and inject the air inside. Needles for these should be longer than those for subcutaneous ones, but if they are too long, they could harm tissue and nerves. If stimulation of immunity is deemed necessary at this stage, the mother may be vaccinated during late pregnancy, timing the doses so that peak antibody levels are reached at the time of colostrum formation. These muscle tissues have less pain receptors and are ideal for viscous medications. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Some drugs are specially formulated so that they are more slowly absorbed and can sit in the muscle, being absorbed gradually over many months and producing a long-acting effect (so called depot injections). 68NFDFI Your veterinarian will prescribe the appropriate needles and syringes for your pet's needs. Once the needle has been inserted into the muscle, gentle suction should be applied to the syringe to ensure that blood does not flow back into the needle. In this lab, we will examine the epaxial muscles as an IM injection site. Use OR to account for alternate terms A significant difference likely exists between the minimal level of immunity required to protect most animals and the level of immunity required to ensure protection of all animals. Affiliate of Mars Inc. 2023 | Copyright VCA Animal Hospitals all rights reserved. Some tips for giving your dog an IM injection: -Locate the injection site. Keep reading to find out more! Can this medication be given to this species? o [pig guinea] A couple of tips may help ensure that your pet is comfortable throughout the process. The following may help you make your decision. insulin. When ready to inject, ensure the syringe is fully pushed into the needle hub to stop the syringe and injection Injections in dogs are usually administered via intramuscular (IM) or subcutaneous (IM) route. It has long been standard practice to use exactly the same vaccine for boosting an immune response as was used when first priming an animal. Dry the skin and apply a bandage. Patient prep LAB- Clip, Scrub, Open Glove, Quarter Drape, 27. It is a worldwide problem that presents primarily as an acute respiratory read more. If youre not sure, contact your veterinarian or consult an animal hospital. If you have a nervous dog, enlist the assistance of another person or call the veterinary clinic to get instructions on restraining the dog. Vaccinations for dogs can be scary, so its best to take your time and follow the instructions of your veterinarian. Some vaccines may induce immunity that persists for an animal's lifetime. For this reason, most medications given at home are designed to be administered subcutaneously. Procedure Summary & Goal a. Unfortunately, these techniques require handling each individual animal. Another important factor is the location of the injection. However, there is no reason why different forms of a vaccine could not be used for priming and for boosting. The first step is to prepare the skin. When giving insulin to a dog, its important to remember that its important to insert the needle in the back of the neck, scruff region. Log in 24/7 to access your pets health care information. For felines, the skin over the middle of the back or just behind the shoulders works well. SOP: INJECTIONS IN DOGS AND CATS I. In feedlot cattle, the respiratory form is most common. Lift the skin on the dogs shoulder and insert the syringe into the tented area. Dog Restraint For Cephalic Blood Draw/IV Catheter, 18. 0000025191 00000 n A dogs vaccines are usually administered using a subcutaneous injection. 0000013878 00000 n You should contact both your veterinarian and your doctor for advice. The average intramuscular dose for dogs is 20 mg. Make sure the dog sees the syringe before giving it. Share on Facebook . Dog and cat Fitting a Muzzle (PDF, 959kB) Restraining a Cat for Blood Sampling (PDF, 614kB) Using a Slip Lead (PDF, 1,060kB) Making a Skin Tent for a Subcutaneous Injection (PDF, 703kB) Administering Subcutaneous Injections (PDF, 628kB) Canine Prostate Examination (PDF, 788kB) Lifting and Restraining a Dog (PDF, 1,264kB)

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